1. **Tail Position**: A wagging tail usually indicates happiness, but the speed and height can convey different emotions. A high, fast wag often means excitement, while a low wagging tail can indicate submission or uncertainty. A stiff, raised tail may signal alertness or aggression.
2. **Ears**: Ears that are perked up and facing forward show that your dog is alert and interested. If the ears are pinned back against the head, this can indicate fear or submission.
3. **Body Posture**: A relaxed body posture, with a loose stance and soft eyes, means your dog is comfortable. Conversely, a stiff body, raised hackles, or a lowered head can indicate fear, aggression, or anxiety.
4. **Facial Expressions**: Pay attention to your dog's mouth. A relaxed, open mouth can indicate a happy dog, while a closed mouth or a lip curl can signal discomfort or aggression. If your dog is yawning frequently, it may be a sign of stress.
5. **Play Bow**: When a dog lowers its front legs while keeping the back end up, it’s a play bow, indicating that they want to play and are friendly.
6. **Avoidance Behavior**: If your dog turns their head away or looks away, they might be trying to avoid confrontation or they are feeling overwhelmed.
By observing these signals, you can better understand your dog's feelings and needs, which can enhance your relationship and help in training. Always remember that context matters; a dog's signals can change based on their environment and the situation they are in.
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