1. **Rabies**: This viral disease is transmitted through bites from infected animals. Vaccination is crucial for dogs to prevent rabies, as it is fatal to both dogs and humans.
2. **Leptospirosis**: This bacterial infection can be contracted through contact with contaminated water or soil. Symptoms in dogs can include fever, vomiting, and lethargy. It can also affect humans, so vaccination is recommended in high-risk areas.
3. **Ringworm**: A fungal infection that can be spread through direct contact with an infected dog or contaminated surfaces. It presents as circular patches of hair loss on the dog and can also affect humans, especially children.
4. **Giardiasis**: This intestinal infection caused by a parasite can be spread through contaminated water. Dogs can show symptoms like diarrhea, and humans can contract it through direct contact with infected dogs or their feces.
5. **Campylobacter**: This bacterium can be found in the feces of infected dogs and can lead to gastrointestinal illness in humans. Good hygiene practices, such as washing hands after handling dog waste, can help prevent transmission.
To minimize the risk of zoonotic diseases, dog owners should:
- Keep their dogs up-to-date on vaccinations.
- Practice good hygiene, including regular handwashing.
- Regularly check their dogs for signs of illness and seek veterinary care when needed.
- Avoid contact with stray or wild animals that may carry diseases.
By staying informed and taking preventive measures, dog owners can protect both their pets and themselves from zoonotic diseases.
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