1. **Antihistamines**: These are often the first line of defense against allergies. Medications like diphenhydramine (Benadryl) and cetirizine (Zyrtec) can help alleviate itching and inflammation. Always consult your vet for the correct dosage based on your dog's weight.
2. **Corticosteroids**: For more severe allergic reactions, corticosteroids like prednisone can be prescribed. They work by reducing inflammation and suppressing the immune response. However, they should be used with caution and under veterinary supervision due to potential side effects.
3. **Immunotherapy**: This is a longer-term treatment option that involves gradually desensitizing your dog to specific allergens. Your vet can create a custom allergy serum that your dog receives through injections or drops.
4. **Topical Treatments**: Shampoos containing oatmeal or aloe vera can soothe itchy skin. Additionally, there are topical sprays and creams that may provide relief.
5. **Fatty Acid Supplements**: Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids can help improve skin health and reduce inflammation, making them a good complementary treatment for allergies.
6. **Prescription Medications**: There are newer medications like Apoquel and Cytopoint that target itchiness and inflammation without the side effects associated with steroids. These are particularly effective for managing allergic dermatitis.
Always consult your veterinarian before starting any medication to ensure it is appropriate for your dog's specific condition and health status. Regular vet check-ups are crucial in managing allergies effectively and safely.
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