1. **Sit**: This is one of the most basic commands and a great starting point. To teach this, hold a treat close to your dog's nose, then move your hand up, allowing their head to follow the treat. When their bottom hits the ground, say 'Sit' and give them the treat.
2. **Stay**: After your dog has mastered 'Sit', you can teach 'Stay'. Ask your dog to sit, then open your palm in front of you and say 'Stay'. Take a few steps back. If they stay put, reward them with a treat. Gradually increase the distance and duration.
3. **Come**: This command is crucial for safety. Start by saying your dog’s name followed by 'Come' in a happy tone. When they come to you, reward them with praise or treats. You can practice this in a safe, enclosed area.
4. **Down**: This command helps to calm an excited dog. To teach 'Down', hold a treat in your hand and let your dog sniff it. Move your hand to the floor, and as they follow it down, say 'Down'. Reward them once they are lying down.
5. **Leave It**: This command can prevent your dog from picking up harmful objects. Show them a treat in your hand and close your fist. When they stop trying to get it, say 'Leave it' and give them a different treat from your other hand.
6. **Heel**: Teaching your dog to walk beside you on a loose leash is essential for enjoyable walks. Use treats to encourage your dog to walk next to you. Say 'Heel' when they are in the correct position, and reward them.
7. **Drop It**: This command is useful when your dog picks up something they shouldn’t have. Start by giving them a toy, then say 'Drop it' and show them a treat. When they drop the toy, reward them with the treat.
8. **Wait**: This command is different from 'Stay' as it allows your dog to move but not proceed until you give a cue. Use this command when you want your dog to pause, such as at doorways or before crossing the street.
Consistency, patience, and positive reinforcement are key to successful training. Always end training sessions on a positive note, and remember to keep training fun for your dog!
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