1. **Sit**: This is often the first command taught. To teach this, hold a treat close to your dog's nose and then move your hand up, allowing their head to follow the treat. This will cause their bottom to lower. Once they are in the sitting position, say 'Sit', give them the treat, and praise them.
2. **Stay**: Once your dog is sitting, you can teach them to stay. Open your palm in front of you and say 'Stay'. Take a few steps back, and if they stay, reward them. Gradually increase the distance and duration before giving the treat.
3. **Come**: This command is crucial for your dog's safety. Start by putting a leash on your dog and saying 'Come' while gently pulling on the leash. When they come to you, reward them with treats and praise. Practice this in a safe, enclosed area before trying it outside.
4. **Down**: To teach your dog to lie down, start with them in a sitting position. Hold a treat close to their nose and then move your hand down to the floor. As their head follows the treat, their body will lower. Once they are lying down, say 'Down' and reward them.
5. **Leave it**: This command is important for preventing your dog from picking up something harmful. Show them a treat in your hand and say 'Leave it'. When they stop trying to get the treat, reward them with a different treat from your other hand.
6. **Heel**: Teaching your dog to walk beside you without pulling on the leash is essential for pleasant walks. Start walking with your dog on a leash and say 'Heel' while encouraging them to walk beside you. Reward them when they stay close.
Training should be consistent, positive, and fun! Use treats, praise, and playtime as rewards, and keep training sessions short (5-10 minutes) to maintain your dog's attention. Remember to be patient, as every dog learns at their own pace.
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